Comparing Traditional Catholicism to Catholicism in Africa Essay

Contrasting Traditional Catholicism with Catholicism in Africa - Essay Example For the Africans, man isn't simply homo religiosus in the old style sense. He eats, drinks, dozes, works and does for all intents and purposes everything strictly. The Catholic nearness in Africa was re-molded by the twin occasions of decolonization and Vatican Council 2 between 1962-65 (Hastings, 1989). In Vatican's expect to proselytize, ministers and preachers were urged to utilize the vernacular in love called vernacular formality just as the improvement of African hymnody and instrumentation ...The most significant single impact in Africa in famous terms of the Council has been the adjustment in singing, in psalms, in music, in the utilization of instruments, (Hastings, 1989). It was likewise noticed that Vatican II additionally urged African Catholics to peruse Protestant vernacular interpretations of the Bible. In any case, the westernization of Catholicism, especially decrease of endorsement on recuperating places of worship, blessed water, sculptures and candles, opposed by African Catholics. In like manner, by 1994, (90%) of the progressive system was African as represented by the African Synod. Catechists generally wedded laymen additionally got instrumental in the spread of Catholicism in the twentieth century. In the African Synod drove by the late pope John Paul II, accentuated union with be in-refined for it included been an issue inside the African Catholic people group having sporadic relationships. Since customary African marriage was not perceived, African clerics were urged to fuse the holy favors of the congregation to the conventional wedding service. Issues emerged when conventional African relationships isn't settled until a lady demonstrated her ripeness through labor, which didn't fit into Catholic practices. Intermarriages of religions, with Protestants, in like manner, prohibited youngsters from submitting fellowship and this further extend the hole. One specific occurrence in Rwanda was the impelling of racial scorn and destructive viciousness among Tutsis and Hutu between the two Catholics and the congregation couldn't contain nor control the brutality, albeit today, admission, apology and compromise are being worked out (Lettinga, 2000). When the Pope John Paul II passed on, there were at that point around 100 million Catholics in Africa and almost 30 million are Congolese (Quist-Arcton, 2005). Curiously, Lamin Sanneh revealed that Senegal, a Muslim larger part with around 90 percent of its populace as Islam adherents, incorporate Catholic occasions as national occasion (Suarez, 2005) that incorporate the Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin. Cardinal Thiandoum, the Relator-General for the African Synod commented (qtd, Isizoh (1996): Numerous Christians, at limits of life, have plan of action to practices of the conventional religion, or to supplication houses, mending homes, prophets, black magic or spiritualists. Some go to African Independent Churches (once in a while thought about a syncretistic Christian cum African Traditional Religion) where they feel that specific components of their way of life are increasingly regarded. Not many of them come back to African Traditional Religion. Every one of these developments demonstrate that the profound longing of these individuals for a real articulation of the African otherworldliness

Create A Classic Detective Story Essay

In this task I will dissect the great Sherlock Holmes investigator story the â€Å"Speckled Band† and discover how sir Conan Doyle takes a fundamental thought from every single analyst story, a murder and still make an exemplary story. First off a criminologist story needs a homicide and for this situation it was the passing of Sarah stoner that begins the story off, yet no demise in any analyst story would be finished without a baffling passing and the way Sarah kicked the bucket was a secret. What's more, I imagine that most criminologist stories utilize secretive passings since this makes the story additionally fascinating and progressively charming in such a case that the demise was straight forward then the peruser may have the option to foresee the closure of the story before really perusing the finish of the story. This story likewise has its decent amounts of baffling characters for example Helen Stoner, who is Sarah stoners sister is as puzzling as they get, similar to when she initially met Sherlock she was wearing dark garments like she just originated from a burial service. Be that as it may, why utilize baffling characters? Since it is these characters that keep the peruser speculating concerning who the suspects might be and now and again the author can utilize this as a preferred position to make an enormous curve toward the finish of the story. The story portrays the air too such on account of Sarah’s demise the environment was depicted as dull, baffling sounds and so on and this is essential to utilize portrayals of specific airs and areas since they will enable the peruser to make a kind of image of the scene in their minds along these lines making them need to peruse more since it causes them get progressively engaged with the story †and furthermore makes them consider what’s going to occur straightaway. The area of the story is additionally significant and in this story the majority of the pressure is made in the house of Helen stoner, which is claimed by Dr Roylott. What's more, in this house are various bogus pieces of information, for example, in the room of Sarah stoner there’s a crisis ringer that don’t work, her bed rushed to the ground, no windows and a ventilator that goes straight in to Dr Roylotts room. Be that as it may, the greatest bogus intimation to me was simply the title the â€Å"Speckled Band† and it was unadulterated virtuoso for Conan Doyle to utilize a title like this since certain individuals read the story absolutely to straighten something up to discover what the spotted band was. So by utilizing baffling passings, strange characters, airs, areas and bogus pieces of information the essayist can attract the peruser the story, utilize pressure to make inquiries in the psyche of the peruser yet it likewise enables the author to remain 5 strides ahead to make an exemplary analyst story.

The Long-Term Impact of PTSD in Vietnam War Veterans

The Long-Term Impact of PTSD in Vietnam War Veterans PTSD PTSD and the Military Print The Long-Term Impact of PTSD in Vietnam War Veterans By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Updated on January 18, 2020 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Barry Winiker / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand PTSD in Vietnam Veterans Long-Term Impact Role in Other Conditions Importance of Recognizing Getting Help Physical Health and PTSD Secondary Traumatization View All Our understanding of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has grown by leaps and bounds over the past few decades. Once referred to by terms such as shell shock, the full impact of this diagnosis has become much clearer in the decades following the Vietnam war. What do we know about PTSD and the Vietnam war as far as long-term impact? What can veterans who continue to cope with this disorder many years later do, and can it make a difference? If PTSD were not enough, we have learned as well how it is closely related to conditions such as heart disease and even pain, conditions which many Vietnam veterans are facing as they enter the golden years today. Following a congressional mandate in 1983, the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS)?? was conducted by the U.S. government to better understand the development of PTSD from the Vietnam War, as well as other problems. In the past few years, many more studies have looked at the impact of the condition over time, with many important findings. Incidence of PTSD in Vietnam Veterans The findings from the study mandated by Congress in 1983 were alarming. At the time of the study (middle-  to late-1980s), among Vietnam veterans, approximately 15 percent of men and 9 percent of women were found to currently have PTSD. Approximately 30% of men and 27% of women had PTSD at some point in their life following Vietnam. These findings obtained approximately a decade after the end of the Vietnam War, found that for many veterans, their PTSD had become a chronic (that is, persistent and long-lasting) condition. To examine the longer-term effects of chronic PTSD, researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health, Columbia University, The American Legion, and the State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center surveyed 1,377 American Legionnaires who had served in Southeast Asia in the Vietnam War 14 years after their NVVRS interview in 1984. Their study found that almost three decades after the Vietnam War, many veterans continued to experience problems with PTSD. At the initial interview, approximately 12 percent had PTSD. Fourteen years later, the rates of PTSD had dropped only slightly to approximately 11 percent. Those who had experienced high levels of combat exposure were most likely to have PTSD at both interviews. Veterans who continued to have PTSD 14 years after their first interview were found to have considerably more psychological and social problems. They reported lower satisfaction with their marriage, sex life, and life in general. They also indicated having more parenting difficulties, higher divorce rates, lower happiness, and more physical health complaints, such as fatigue, aches, and colds. Veterans with chronic PTSD were also more likely to be smokers. The Long-Term Impact Studies continue to find that PTSD in Vietnam war veterans remains a concern. A 2012 study?? looking at twins, found that 10 percent of theater veterans  and 4.45 percent of non-theater veterans continued to cope with significant symptoms of PTSD. In many cases, the PTSD was categorized as late-onset. A different study found these numbers to be 22 percent for theater and 15.7 percent for non-theater Vietnam veterans. Its clear that PTSD continues to affect the lives of many Vietnam war veterans today. More recent studies have dug deeper into the ripple effect of PTSD and its role in many health conditions facing these veterans today. PTSDs Role in Other Conditions In addition to the symptoms of PTSD, veterans are now coping with many of the conditions that can go hand in hand. Some of these include: PTSD and substance abuse: Its thought that substance abuse occurs in roughly a third of men with PTSD. It could be that self-medicating may underlie some of this propensity to become addicted to alcohol or drugs.Connection between PTSD and pain: Whether related to injuries from the war or one of the painful conditions which arise with age, many Vietnam veterans face chronic pain, and this pain is tied closely with PTSD. The vicious cycle can continue further as the symptoms of PTSD such as muscle tension increase pain, which in turn aggravates the symptoms of PTSD and so on.  Finally, PTSD can increase the risk of depression and substance disorders, which in turn, increases pain.PTSD and depression: PTSD and depression are closely related as well with nearly half of people with PTSD experiencing clinical depression at some point in time.PTSD and heart disease: As with pain, many Vietnam veterans have reached an age when heart disease is very common, and some studies point at PTSD as a risk factor for heart disease in itself. In addition, people with PTSD have an increased rate of diabetes, and diabetes, as we know, is a significant risk factor for heart disease. Importance of Recognizing PTSD Understanding how common PTSD is in Vietnam veterans, and the complications of the condition, its clear why it is so important that the condition is recognized. Studies?? have found several types of treatment to be helpful, but in order to seek treatment, veterans need to be aware that what they are experiencing is something that can improve with treatment. If you are uncertain whether or not you may have PTSD, look at these requirements for a PTSD diagnosis and make an appointment with your doctor to talk about your concerns. Getting Help People exposed to severe traumatic events (such as combat exposure) are clearly at risk for PTSD, and it goes without saying that persistent or chronic PTSD can have a tremendous negative effect on a persons daily life as well as physical health. Yet even in cases of chronic PTSD, recovery can still occur. Whether you have been suffering from PTSD for many years, or recently developed the disorder (which, as noted, is still possible in Vietnam veterans) it is important to seek out treatment. The Anxiety Disorder Association of America provides links to people who treat in your area. You can also get specific information on PTSD and its treatment for veterans from the National Center for PTSD. The treatment of PTSD usually includes a combination of therapies. Check out this overview of treatment options for PTSD. As noted, there is a multitude of different approaches so that you and your doctor can find the methods which work best for you. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Physical Health and PTSD PTSD affects physical health as well. Its important to note that any treatment plan for PTSD in Vietnam veterans should take account of not just the psychological impact, but the physical aspect of the disorder. Physical conditions which are more common in those living with PTSD include: Heart diseaseArthritisChronic painRespiratory-related disorders such as emphysemaDigestive tract disorders such as GERD and peptic ulcer diseaseDiabetes Secondary Traumatization Those with PTSD do not live in a bubble, and partners and children are also affected by the disorder. Demoralization in partners has been well reported. Although the disorder has been found to affect both sons and daughters of Vietnam veterans in a number of waysâ€"previous studies?? have found increased violence and hostility in childrenâ€"it’s thought that the children of Vietnam veterans are at least as healthy emotionally as their counterparts in the general population. Coping With PTSD in Family Members The Bottom Line Now that we recognize PTSD as being common in military veterans, we are learning that those who were involved in the Vietnam war often cope with continued symptoms  and that these symptoms may even begin late in life. Thankfully there are now many effective treatment approaches available to help those who realize that, for many people, the war is not yet over, but healing is still occurring every day for many of these heroes.

A Marxist Approach Of Orwell s 1984 Essay - 7236 Words

Gomez 22 Jasmine Gomez Dr. Nakhai ENG 381 12 December 2016 A Marxist Approach to Orwell?s 1984 In a time of universal deceit - telling the truth is a revolutionary act. - George Orwell George Orwell lived in a time that was highly critical of the oppression that existed as a result of communist power, as seen in Russia?s Soviet Union and Spain?s War of Independence. The mid-20th century was a time where the world seemed to constantly be on the brink of destruction. Between the World Wars, the rise of totalitarianism and fascism, society was not in the most stable position. While, most people blamed these issues on the rise of communism, Orwell takes a different approach as to why these apocalyptic events occurred. He argued that the issues lied with Western capitalist regimes and that these regimes can just as easily collapse on themselves, becoming systems of government where one has absolute power and oppression thrives. Orwell illustrates this by crafting a world from which society is overtaken by an unrelenting dictatorship. Set in the future, 1984 takes place in Oceania, which is closely based off of London, England in the 1940s. In Orwell?s alternate universe , he presents the audience with a world where totalitarianism and fascism thrives. Orwell both utilizes andShow MoreRelatedOrwell s Animal Farm As A Critique Of Bourgeoisie- Proletariat Relation And How Tyranny Operates1475 Words   |  6 PagesDystopian Fiction and Marxist Connection: George Orwell’s Animal Farm as a critique of Bourgeoisie- Proletariat Relation and How Tyranny Operates Literature is said to be the mirror of a society and one of the major functions of it has been to make people aware of their surroundings as well as themselves. While many writers of today might digress from the true purpose of writing, the classics have always held a special place in what may be called as the awakening of the individuals. In this contextRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Brave New World 2696 Words   |  11 PagesNew World and ‘1984’. However, both authors approach their respective dystopian visions in different ways. Orwell envisioned INGSOC, a state based on security and repressive surveillance, utilising totalitarianism forms of control. Whilst Huxley depicted a society held captive by profligate consumption forcing its citizens to embrace their own oppression whilst being made blissfully ignorant by entertainment, spectacle and most importantly technology. First and foremost, ‘1984’ and ‘Brave New

Cultural Experience Reflection Paper - 1292 Words

The experience I pursued for the cultural experience reflection assignment was to focus on immigrant communities around my school. Majority of the students in my school are of Hispanic origin, so this experience gave me a glimpse of the culture of my school s student population. I hear a lot of discrimination, and stereotypes about Hispanics in America through the media, and I think speaking to, conversing, and getting to know the people of that culture altered my opinion greatly. In our times, negative stereotypes exists against certain ethnic groups regarding their cognitive abilities. Unfortunately, Hispanic/Latinos are not immune to these discriminations. These stereotypes generate a standard of thinking that isolates Hispanic/Latinos†¦show more content†¦Nevertheless, he said, â€Å"Teachers should attempt to build relationships with their students by asking them about their culture† (Young merchant). I asked him to elaborate more on his thoughts. And he continue d: â€Å"Teachers should include students’ culture into the classroom†. It was clear to me at that point, that this young man was stressing educators should understand their students’ cultural background. By accessing our students’ funds of knowledge, we can help them succeed in the classroom (Egbert Ernst-Slavit, p. 40, 2010). Students who feel welcomed are more likely to excel both academically and socially. In my current placement, my kindergarteners share with me some cultural experiences they have at home, or that they practice in their native country and sometimes they speak in Spanish forgetting that I do not understand their language. I always inquire about their culture, making sure they share with me that which they feel comfortable sharing. I left that merchant and continued to search for other people that I can converse with. I came across a restaurant. I spoke with the cashier; however, the cashier and I had a language barrier. She did not understand my purpose of questioning her. This of course made me feel embarrassed; however, I continued to repeat myself and explain to her that I am here to learn about her culture. After sometime I realized that our conversation was not going anywhere, so IShow MoreRelatedSample Reflection Assignments1243 Words   |  5 Pages195/295) INSTRUCTOR: Richard Schramm Written assignments are of two types: Reflections and Project Reports. Reflections: An essential element for student learning in service-learning courses is written and oral reflections on the field study experience, as well as on other elements of the course. To have an experience isn’t enough to ensure learning; you need to intentionally and thoughtfully reflect upon the experience and what you learned from it to ensure that learning occurs. As T.S. EliotRead MoreYolo1583 Words   |  7 PagesFurthermore, students will have the opportunity to learn and appreciate the cultural heritage that is articulated from each literary text. II. Course Objectives: At the end of the semester, the students should be able to : 1. read and understand representative literary texts from various continents in the world. 2. analyze literary texts using the various approaches in literature. 3. employ critical thinking skills. 4. appreciate the cultural heritage exhibited in each literary piece. 5. acknowledge the literaryRead MoreRole Of Hrm Over The Period Of Tim e1495 Words   |  6 PagesDoherty, 2007) and â€Å"Organisational Culture: An exploratory study comparing faculties’ perspectives within public and private universities in Malaysia† (Ramachandran, Ching and Ismail, 2010). This journal review is concluded by a reflection wherein the scholar expresses his experiences of the task. 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That is what art history, and therefore media history are: the observation, categorization, and interpretation of artistic artifacts and media objects in regards to their design, construction, and content and how those things tell us about life at the time of the artifacts modernity. This is the general nature of media. Thus, reflection is indicative of media. Metaphorically, media is a reflection, but these days, the modern citizenRead MoreReflection On The American Culture1384 Words   |  6 PagesReflection on Class Sources American culture refers to the traditions and practices of the people of the United States. Culture comprises of the nature of buildings, religion, music language and marriage. The population of the United States is more than 320 million people making it the most culturally diverse country in the globe. Books such as Crabgrass Frontier, Manifest Destination and Muscular Christianity are important sources of information about American culture. This paper is a reflectionRead MoreComparison of Two Personal Narratives1264 Words   |  6 Pageswomen is an apt reflection of a cultural clash between Latin American culture and American culture. Dressing that is considered socially appropriate and is largely mainstream in Latin American is misinterpreted in American society as a sexual let on, by the Latina. An appropriate example from the novel is where Ortiz says that the culture in Latin America is different women can dress freely and liberally as they know that their sanctity and honor is protected by a series of cultural and social rulesRead MoreReflective Writing on Team Work Essay1542 Words   |  7 PagesA Reflective Paper On The Importance On Teamwork Nursing Essay What is a team work? Team work can be defined as when actions of individuals are brought together for the purpose of a common goal. Each person in a team puts his efforts to achieve the objectives of large group. 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International Marketing Free Essays

Manner has been a great opportunity for foreign investors who want to invest in Manner due to its availability of resources. Availability of clean water has been one of the sector where it has been neglected over the years where people have been facing huge difficulties in getting clean water especially in dry seasons. This report is analyses the political and legal, economic and financial and social and cultural market of Manner to see the opportunities Manner holds for foreign markets to enter in their market. We will write a custom essay sample on International Marketing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Manner faces a political reform in 2011 which has brought an end to the military overspent that exist in Manner for more than 50 years. The new President of Manner, Then Seine has promised to start working for the development of the country and maintain the peace between the multi-ethnic state. Although with challenges within the infrastructure of the country, Manner presents a long run opportunity for investors. Manner has improved economically over the past few years and according to Asian Development Bank (ADS), it is expected for Manner to have a growth of 7 to 8 per cent a year. While religion has a huge influence on Manner and its culture there have been conflicts between the multicultural and lit-religious states with different ethnicities. However the government has started their work to attain a more peaceful environment where the rights of the people are protected and everyone is treated equally. Manner has been moving towards a more democratic direction and to a more open economy. Even though their reforms are in emerging status, the country has gone through a transformation in both political and strategic direction. For a company such as Kent, it would hold a great number of opportunities to enter into an emerging market such as Manner. Introduction This report is to analyses the market of Manner whether it has a potential environment for Kent Reverse Osmosis Limited to market their product – Kent Water Purifiers. Manner Manner or Burma is a largely rural country with principal source of Jade, pearls, rubies and sapphires. While Manner is also blessed with highly fertile soil, offshore oil and gas deposits it is not used most efficiently (BBC, 2013). For nearly two decades, Manner faced human rights violations as a country beset by systematic denial of basic freedom of assembly, association and expression and where media pet stifled while the citizens suffered brutal and a long civil war which incarcerated thousands of political prisoners (Matheson, 2013). Manner still faced challenges which are the effects of 50 years of ruinous military rule. However since the political and economic reform in 2011, it has improved this condition. The economy of Manner stands as a least developed countries and they are going through years of unproductively, mismanagement, and remoteness (BBC, 2013). Manner has faced problems with underdeveloped infrastructure for years and basic needs such as water have been neglected over the years. Kent Reverse Osmosis (OR) Limited (Kent) Kent Reverse Osmosis (OR) Limited was established in 1999 in Oneida, India bringing out the revolution of Reverse Osmosis technology to India. In their 1 5 years of operations in India, Kent established the business as a market leader in India by providing innovative products ranging from Water Purifiers, Air Purifies, Vegetable and Fruit Purifiers to Water Softeners. Leading their innovation, Kent is also ISO 9001 :2008 certified and a strong or organization with offices across India and most importantly, millions of satisfied customers to its credit worldwide today (Kent, 2014). According to the founder and chairman of Kent OR Systems, Mr.. Mashes Guppy, Kent has been growing 40 to 50 per cent every year and the company has multiplied 10 times over since 2006 (Sings, 2011). This brisk pace is instantly evident because in April 2011, 23000 Kent units were sold across their portfolio of nearly 25 products, which also now includes their other innovations leaving their monthly sales 30000- mark resolutely behind (Sings, 2011). Political, Legal and Technological Environment The political and legal risks challenged in foreign markets are significant to a large extent when entering into a market because these risks are a major aspect in determining whether to enter the market as the political and legal factors differ vastly between different countries (Fletcher Crawford , 2014). The Manner’s political condition changed surprisingly in 2011, when the Senior General Than She, resigned and handed over power to a civilian government under the leadership of the newly elected President Then Seine (Bunted, 2014). Although President Then was a member of the ruling military council he introduced a lot of political reforms in Manner which included release of many political prisoners and the expansion of he civil rights and liberties in Manner. Moreover, he also launched a new peace initiative and promised political dialogue to the ethnic groups of the multi-ethnic state (Bunted, 2014). It is believed that the party National League for Democracy (NIL) has good chances of winning in free and fair elections in Manner at the end of 201 5 which seeks to bring peace and reconciliation, deepen the rule of law and initiate constitutional reforms in Manner. In 2012, President Then approved the New Law on Foreign Investment (NULL) and repealed the Foreign Investment Law in Manner. According to the NULL, it clarifies that the foreign investors may own up to 100% of the capital in foreign-invested companies in certain sectors (Loves, 2013). Moreover, the NULL also provides that enterprises may be granted a 50% tax relief on goods. While it also permits foreign invested companies operating in sectors that require skilled personal to employ up to 75% foreign employees in its first two years of operations. Even though the state of Manner’s infrastructure poses challenges for those wishing to establish their operations for a business with an eye on the long-run, Manner presents an extraordinary Asian opportunity for a company such as Kent. Manner is moving towards a more peaceful environment with more open opportunities for such investors especially since Manner has been facing shortages of clean water. In order to carry out research and development work for the development of nation’s industries Manner also established Ministry of Science and Technology in 1996. Departments and Institutions such as Science and Technology Research were transferred under the Ministry to promote the effectiveness and success in the development of science and technology in Manner. Economic and Financial Environment The global economic and financial environment is unpredictable, as the events since the global financial crisis of 2008 have shown (Fletcher Crawford , 2014). Manner with an estimated population of 55,746,253 for July 2014 have population growth rate of 1. 03% where with a large proportion of young and a smaller proportion of the elderly as shown in Appendix A. Manner still remains as a poor country and the GAP per capita remains at only around SIS$850 a head as the poorest country in SEAN (Mint, 2013). However, Manner has improved their GAP per since the last few years as shown in Appendix B. In addition, Asian Development Bank (ADS) estimates that Manner can grow 7 to 8 percent over the next years (Asian Development Bank, 2013). As for Manner’s IN per capita according to Purchasing Power Parity (APP), was SIS$1950 latest in 2010 according to the World Bank. IN per capita in Manner has also increased to a significant level in the past years, as shown in Appendix C which shows improvement of income of residents of Manner. Inflation in Manner was recorded 5. 53% in December 2013 which has improved over the years from as high as 49. 7% in 2003 which can be seen in Appendix D. Manner government also have started many public work programs after the economic liberalizing such as roads, bridges, ports, communication, commercial and resident real-estates which has been impeding the economic growth (Manner Infrastructure Summit 2014, 2014). It is potentially the next emerging hotshot in Asia that could open for a variety of sectors due to its riches in oil, gas, timber and gems. The improvement in Manner’s economy is a positive sign for a company like Kent to establish a market since with the improvements in economy; it also increases the purchasing power of consumers leading to an overall increase in the standard of living in Manner. Moreover, Manner enters rankings global competitiveness ranking at 13th among 148 economies after the 2011 elections that brought profound changed to the country. The Manner government has embarked on an ambitious process of reforms to improve the country economic landscape and prospects, notably by leveraging Manner’s extraordinary assets, which include an abundance of natural resources, very favorable demographics, and a strategic location in Asia. Cultural and Social Environment Culture can be described as a way of living that is accepted by a group of people, and he culture differ each other on various cultural dimensions (Fletcher Crawford , 2014). Buddhism is a very important part of Manner’s culture and it reflects the private and public life of the citizens. People spend time learning their religion such as monastic education the monks and nuns hold a respected place in the society such as they should not be touched and they hold privileges such as the freedom of first class travel on public transport or even at times their own reserved places. Manner is a multicultural, multi-religious state which is officially composed to 135 pub-groups in eight major ethnicities as shown in Table 1. With the eight ethnicities, a high degree of Ethan-religious tension continuous to exist in Manner where there have been a marked escalation of friction between Buddhists and Muslims (Chalk, 2013). The most severe situation remains between the coastal state of Racking, where two consecutive attacks were made against Rehiring (a Muslim ethnic group) in 2012. The issue of anti-Muslim violence has was brought up during the President Theme’s historic visit to the White House in May 2013, when President Obama made it Lear that attacks against the Rainy had to stop. Moreover, the government is in pressure to commit to political reform and provide equal protection of civil and human rights to the entire population of Manner. With the government insistent and the pressures to end the conflicts between the ethnic groups it is held that Manner would work to attain a more peaceful environment where the rights of people are protected and treated equally. Conclusion After decades of repressive rule and self-imposed isolation, Manner has recently begun improving political, economic and social challenges that they are facing (Chalk, 013). Since 2011, Manner has moved to a more democratic direction and to a more open economy. Although these changes still are in their emerging steps, the country has embarked on a transformation in both political and strategic track. The government has started its work towards the country growth specially by focusing the poverty and rural underdeveloped areas. Moreover towards securing Manner’s overall ethnic peace process as well. It is believed that through such initiatives it will provide more favorable business climate for attracting outside investors, Jobs and infrastructure to Manner’s future. Therefore, it can be concluded that opportunities exist for a company such as Kent to enter into the Manner market. How to cite International Marketing, Papers International Marketing Free Essays In addition, the celebrations. Com we Bessie informs that there now exists a huge gap between the rich and the poor in BRB jail, which would lessen when poor people have access to education and the opportunity to develop reading skills. In a recent article dated October 1 , 2013, the www. We will write a custom essay sample on International Marketing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Goalposts. Com website reports that Brazil now experiences disappointing economic growth. Despite President Dilemma Recourses efforts to revive the economy with stimulus packages and TA x cuts, the GAP grew only 0. 6 percent and both stock market and currency rates plume Ted. Other economic problems in Brazil include: â€Å"high salary costs, falling productivity, an d terrible 2 logistical bottlenecks that Rousseau has not yet addressed† ( l). In addition, Humblers Barbara, president of BEANIE, a lobby group for the elect Nils industry, predicts that unless infrastructure resolves its problems, industry will I continue to suffer ( 1 The website also informs that household consumption grew just 0. 1 percent due to inflation which adversely affected the purchasing power of consumers. In order to combat the problem of high inflation Brazil has increase seed interest rates. Brazier’s business leaders have also encore raged Rousseau to reform tax a ND labor costs â€Å"so factories can regain their competitiveness at home and abroad† ( 2). Although Brazil now experiences these problems, the article states that Brazier’s economy still flourishes in some areas. These areas include: low unemployment, strong foreign investment levels, Recourses approval rate of 80 percent, and a strong harvest and increased agricultural activity. In addition, Guide Ma enter (Brazier’s Finance Minister) asserts that the investment growth trend will contain u. The article concludes with David Reese’ (an economist for Capital Economics in Loon don) suggestion that Brazil should rebalanced the economy towards investment in 0 order to create growth rates of five percent, which investors want to see ( 3). A recent article in The Economist titled ‘ ‘The Price is Wrong,† and dated September 28, 2013 reports that â€Å"Brazil offers appalling value for money† ( www. Economist. Com 1). The article states that a pizza in Brazil costs 530 and also that a cheap, windowless hotel room in ROI costs $250/ night. The article also reports that 3 payroll taxes are 58% Of salary, that a Broadminded car costs 45% less in Mix than in Brazil, that a smartened costs 50% more than in the US, and that large domestic appliances and cars cost 50% more than in other Mendocino coo entries. The article presents the following reasons why these problems exist in Brazil: or infrastructure, high crime rates that necessitate an army of 650,000 security g awards, expensive office rents, expensive credit, decreased household consumption, a decreased exports of manufacturing goods. The article explains that the Brazil liana people go on foreign shopping sprees in order to make more economical purr chases and to avoid the â€Å"Custom Brazil† which â€Å"refers to the increased operational costs ass associated with doing business in Brazil, making Brazilian goods and services more expel noise compared to other countries† ( www. Economist Another recent article in , titled â€Å"Stuck in the Mud,† and dated June 8, 201 3 describes the current economic growth of Brazil as feeble limited. The article informs that Brazil now experiences a trade deficit, a shrink king primary fiscal surplus, and growing government debt mainly due to domestic rigidities. The article also discusses Dilemma Recourses efforts to â€Å"stimulate growth by hike Eng public spending and the minimum wage, and forcing starters banks to lend more† ( 2). Again, despite these efforts, consumer confidence continues to suffer, which greatly impairs economic growth. The government (the Centre al Bank) has responded by increasing base interest rates to 8% in addition to eliminate g a tax on foreign purchases of bonds in order to increase currency inflows and to â€Å"slow the weakening Of the real† ( 2). The government has also attempted to 4 solve these problems by encouraging investment and discouraging consumption Ion. However, these efforts proved unsuccessful for the steamrollered oil giant p terrors, for the grandmotherly industry, and for the electricity and banking industry sees. Other attempts to correct the dismal situation include: investments in the oil industry Y, the government’s attempts to attract bidders to its road and rail concessions, and stimulating sales to increase business confidence. However, the challenging a ND diverse political landscape in Brazil, as well as Recourses inability to be diploma attic, will most likely cause further corrective actions to be unsuccessful. Http://Brasilia. Com/economy/ http://www. interdependence. Com/Brazil/economy. HTML http://www. celebrations. Com/bristlecone. HTML http://www. Goalposts. Mom/dispatch/news/thunderstorms/131001 / barometrically http://www. Economist. Com/news/ species Loretta/21 586678whybrazi I paraprofessional’s Americas/21579048feeblegrowthhasforcedchange c b. Demographics As of July 2012, Brazil had a population of 199,321,413 people, with the majors y being in the 2554 age range. The majority of their population (87%) resides in urban areas. The largest city in Brazil is SA A Paulo with about 20 million residents. Ri o De Jeanine, where the 2016 Summer Olympics will be held, is the second largest c tit with about 12 million residents. In terms of diversity, over half of Brazier’s residents are Caucasian and the sec 5 largest group is mulatto (mixed), making up almost 40% of the total population n. The official and most widely spoken language is Portuguese. The largest religious group IS Roman Catholic, with almost thirds of the demographic. A vast majority of Brazilian are literate with 89% of the population fifteen years old and over be inning able to read and write. ( http://www. Undermine. Com/Brazil/demographics_profile. HTML ) c. Cultural information Sports are very popular and important in Brazil. Most citizens regularly follow participate in various sport activities. The most popular sport in Brazil is foot all (American soccer). It is said that football â€Å"†¦ Is in the blood of the people of Bra Brazier’s tropical climate is excellent for playing and practicing football. Brazil is also the only country to have participated in and qualified for all of the Football World Cups to date. The Brazilian soccer team is known all over the world for their brilliant Pl areas. Everyone in Brazil, from small villages to large cities, is known to go crazy for t heir country during the World Cup. Brazilian are known for the pride they feel for their country during sporting events. Brazil holds the most wins for the World Cup with five wins, known to Brazilian as the â€Å"Pentane†. The most dollied Brazilian soccer Pl areas are Cafe, Aid, Ronald, and Reinhold. Sports such as sailing and golf are considered to be for the high class and are not accessible to the general public. Brazilian also enjoy footloose, basketball l, tennis, auto racing, and volleyball ( http://www. Mayflowers. Com/Brazil/sports/ Women’s football has gathered an increasing share of interest in Brazil. The country’s SST ring of successes in volleyball since the midnight century have made it Brazier’s second most 6 popular sport. Municipal governments often provide volleyball courts and 10th recreational equipment for the country’s beaches, including ROI De Jeaneries FAA moss Copernican and Panama. Brazier’s beaches are gathering places for young pee people, the more athletic of which play football and various racket games. Brazilian chasm pincushion of beach football and volleyball draw thousands of spectators and television. Brazil has competed in every Olympic Games since 1920, except the 1 928 Summer Games in Amsterdam. It has been successful in many events, include Eng transfixed, swimming, yachting, and such team sports as football, volleyball l, and basketball. In 2009 the International Olympic Committee selected ROI De Jeanie or as the site of the 201 6 Summer Games. It was the first city in South America to be chi seen to host the Olympics. Http://www. Britannica. Com/Checked/topic/781 01 ‘Brazil/25115/ Superconductivity II. Background on Underarm (Mary Kate) under Armor, a relatively new company was established in 1 998 by a former University of Maryland football player, Kevin Plank, who was sick of repeatedly changing his sweat soaked Theists during football camp and took it upon him elf to invent a new type of This that would keep athletes cool, dry and light by rep ailing moisture. Under Armor has come a long way from young Kevin Plank selling Theists along the east coast out of his grandma’s basement-?on November 18, 2005 Under Armor went public and became the first Seabed initial public offering to do blew on the first day in five years. Over the years the company began to expand its pr duct line to providing clothing for different weather temperaments, creating equipment t for various 7 sports fields, as well as developing lines for women and children. They have e expanded from the clothing collegiate sports team and now sponsor numerous professor Anal sports teams and world’s athletes which include Olympian, national champions, etc. They have expanded in a global scale to Europe, China, Canada, Japan, parts of LATA America and are known as a global leader in performance footwear, apparel, accessories. Today, Under Armor has revenues approaching $2 billion dollar s and continues to maintain its mission to â€Å"make all athletes better through passion , design, and the relentless pursuit for innovation by creating exchanging products t hat provide an advantage for athletes. † Under Armor takes its corporate responsibility very seriously. As outlined on its companies website, AU operates under the core values with which the comma NY was established: innovation, inspiration, reliability, and integrity. They only seek to do business with third parties that operate under these values as well. Under Ar ours products are made by thirdly manufacturers: consequently, they hold these e third parties to the high standards in which they hold themselves. AU will not do buy seines with any companies that use any form of forced labor, child labor, or harass .NET/abuse on their employees. The CIA suppliers and subcontractors must provide their employees with a safe and healthy working environment and comply with all laws and re solutions. AU must provide employees with at least legally mandated minimum wage an d benefits. The employees of CIA and its suppliers or subcontractors are not forced to woo ark more Han 48 hours with 12 hours overtime and countries that have no limit on how RSI worked must provide one day Off out Of every seven days Of work. CIA complies with a 8 environmental regulations, rules, and standards as well as making all subsonic reactors and contractors comply with all local, state, federal, national, and international I laws, rules, and regulations in the company of manufacture. The suppliers and sub contractors are regularly monitored by ALGA internal employees and third party contractors . As well as taking corporate responsibility seriously, CIA prides itself on its community involvement. They created CIA Giveback which partners with prior ms that are dedicated to finding a cure for breast cancer, environmental sustainability , supporting military and law enforcement, and empowering youth athletes. From a marketing perspective, Under Armor target athletes of all ages as we as fans as they have entered into the collegiate and professional sports appear el market. Internationally, this is an asset to the company as well as having lines of cloths Eng for all ages and genders. AU has unique temperature specific clothing that can cater to the specific temperaments as they expand on a global level. However, it appears as if Under Armor is heavily rooted in its football background in America which el eaves room to question the company’s success on an international level as it tries to break free of its American football image in countries where the sport is nearly nonexistent. How to cite International Marketing, Essays

The Banality of Abstraction Western Philosophys Failure to Address the Moral Implications of the Holocaust

Two of the 20th Century’s most prominent philosophers were Martin Heidegger and Hannah Arendt, who happened to live and work during the time period in which the atrocities of The Holocaust were committed. In addition to a strong mutually beneficial intellectual relationship, the two of them had a romantic affair.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The ‘Banality’ of Abstraction: Western Philosophy’s Failure to Address the Moral Implications of the Holocaust specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The fact that he was a German and she was a Jew makes their story all the more interesting. Why would a man who loved a Jewish woman be a strong supporter of German politics during the Holocaust? Why would Arendt forgive him? Can Heideggerian philosophy account for the catastrophic crimes committed against the Jewish race? What good are philosophic ideals if they do not address morality in everyday life? In this essay, I attempt to address some of these questions. Additionally, I would like to address the relationship of Arendt and Heidegger in the context of The Holocaust, and the effect that it had upon their philosophical works. Also, I attempt to prove that Heidegger’s political failings, and a refusal to admit any wrongdoing on the part of the German government, undermine his philosophical credibility, while Arendt’s public endorsement of him and his ideals weakens her credibility as a voice of the Jewish people. Philosophy is the study of and the admiration for wisdom itself. It comes from the Greek words â€Å"philos,† meaning love and â€Å"sophia,† which means wisdom. After his mentor Husserl, Heidegger was a major proponent of â€Å"phenomenology,† the philosophic study of structures of consciousness—sort of a detailed look at what the process of thinking is itself, and how philosophies are created. In 1923 Heidegger took a positio n at Marburg University, working as an associate professor. He continued to work in phenomenology and also lectured on Aristotle. During this time period, he worked on his treatise, Being and Time, which was ultimately seen as a major philosophical work. Partially due to this accomplishment, Heidegger was awarded the position of Philosophic Chair in 1928 at Freiberg University. With Hitler’s rise to power, Heidegger’s life entered a more controversial stage, referred to as â€Å"the turn.† Though he had been rather apolitical prior to the 1930’s, the increasing demands of university hierarchy necessitated a certain degree of political involvement. He was elected rector of Freiburg University in 1933, and soon after joined the NSDAP party. His infamous rector’s address from that post is often seen as evidence of Nazi support, though the movement is not specifically mentioned. However, actions speak louder than words, and during his rectorship, Heide gger willingly transformed the university into the National-Socialist mold, expelling Jewish academics, and not even objecting to the firing of his previous mentor Husserl.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Perhaps surprisingly, a year later Heidegger resigned from the post, and expressed some covert criticism of Nazi ideology, engendering the surveillance of The Gestapo, and eventually sent to dig trenches. Heidegger’s ambiguous relationship with the Nazi party has sparked a great deal of criticism, and continues to this day. Books like The Political Ontology of Martin Heidegger by Pierre Bourdieu, Heidegger and â€Å"the Jews† by Jean-Franà §ois Lyotard, and The German Genius: Europe’s Third Renaissance, the Second Scientific Revolution, and the Twentieth Century by Peter Watson question whether Heidegger’s philosophy should be considered valid in light o f his political sympathies. He was considered a great ideologist and was banned from teaching at the same time. Even in his own time, Heidegger’s loyalties were questioned. On the one hand, his actions garnered the suspicions of the Gestapo and were anti-government enough to get him a post digging trenches. On the other hand, because at one point he’d been an openly anti-Semitic rector, he was banned from teaching until 1949. The ban was lifted in part due to Hannah Arendt’s willingness to vouch for him (Rosenbaum), interesting in its own right. Still, he continued to write until his death, with increasingly obscure texts. In 1924 Hannah Arendt enrolled as a student at Marlburg University to study philosophy, and took classes with Martin Heidegger a year later. The contradictory nature of their relationship encapsulates the cognitive dissonance between the ideals of the National Socialist Movement and its reality. Though a brilliant philosopher, Heidegger as a m an failed to address the moral implications of the Holocaust, and as a result lost the respect of his peers, students, and by extension, Western philosophy as a whole suffered. He was the most prominent philosopher of his time, gaining near-celebrity status, but he was a contradictory man. He espoused virtue, yet cheated on his wife. He loved Hannah Arendt for her mind, yet made her feel as though she must stifle her intelligence in his presence so as not to threaten his egoistic intelligence. He cared deeply for a Jewish woman, and his best teacher was a Jewish man, Edmond Husserl, yet he upon becoming rector of The University of Freiburg, he banned Jewish intellectuals from the establishment. The relationship between Heidegger and Arendt can be seen as a metaphor for the arc of philosophy as a whole during the time period in which they lived.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The ‘Banality’ of Abstraction: Western Philosophy’s Failure to Ad dress the Moral Implications of the Holocaust specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More First, Heidegger alone was prominent, garnering fame through books like Being and Time (1927) and The Task of Thinking (1964) and teaching notable courses that gained him fame and recognition uncommon for a philosopher. At this time, philosophy was a mainstay in German society, something upon which people could rely at a time when government wasn’t fulfilling the needs of its people. Cultural zeitgeist—a return to nature—a metaphysical observation of details and thoughts and principles, not the rigidity of prior ideas introduced by Nietzsche, the key notable feature of which was the natural approach that was later applied to all fields of science and industry as well as education and politics. Then, Arendt entered the picture, representative the increasing presence of women at the university level, and all for which that stood—sh e was said to have brought a conscience to the world of philosophy, weighing the grand ideas of her time against private principles of good and evil, applying them to reality. With the change in government, everything shifted. Arendt was interned, then escaped to America,—excised from academic society as all Jews and most women of the time were. Heidegger gained prominence during this same time period, delivering a rectorial address promoting the Nazi Socialist Movement based on the ideas that development of a man and technological progress should be simultaneous and be carried out highlighting the triumph of a man over technology though focusing on the importance of a symbiosis between a man and technology. As the Holocaust dragged on, and it became increasingly clear that it was not a movement of ideals but one of hatred and destruction, the banished point of view of Hannah Arendt became the mainstay in public opinion. With her publication years later of Eichmann in Jerusal em: a Report on the Banality of Evil (2006), she captured the thought of the time, answering for herself questions full of emotional coloring and philosophical ideas of why people make others suffer through the most sophisticated and cruel crimes against the humankind (Avineri). However, the answers were nothing without actions but she could do nothing physically to prevent those crimes and humiliation, destruction and devastation.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Finally, we see the difficult but grand triumph of forgiveness over ignorance and intolerance. Though Heidegger never apologized for his political actions, and never even explained the reasoning behind why he acted in the way that he did, Arendt forgave him. The two reconnected with a tenuous academic friendship, mostly in the form of letters that contained a touch of the inspired romance the two had once known. Though in action they were opposites, the gentle Jew and the fox-like Gentile, they were perfect academic counterparts—inspiring one another with lofty ideas, and praising each other’s attempts for the sake of mutual growth. The concept of Heidegger being a fox is discussed closely by Arendt in her personal diary Denktagebuch of 1953 where she kept interesting thoughts about people, the situation, and some notes from notable books she liked or disliked (Forrest 6). Arendt even took the step of helping Heidegger to regain his reputation. The world was skeptical of German intellectuals after the war. Hadn’t their ideas made a direct path to the dogma that caused the Holocaust? Arendt argued that this was not so; â€Å"He did his duty†¦; he not only obeyed orders, he also obeyed the law† (Arendt, Eichmann 135). She helped him to regain his standing, and for the most part forgave him, though in private she still expressed sorrow and a bit of skepticism about his moral conduct (Forrest 6). This was another way the world reflected her views. Germans tenuously rebuilt their reputations, but many retained private resentments, and the world at large still remembers them as the society in which Nazism could thrive. The philosophical environment in Germany was favorable for development of ideologies and different concepts that could be used to encourage people for changes and increase their moral spirits. The political ideology was created in the same time as the philosophical one though people did not recognize the applicability of ideas to the political life of the country and, as it later turned out, most part of the world. As such, it is questionable whether the ideology itself was negative or its implementation in practice was ineffective and perverted. The political ontology of Martin Heidegger interpreted by Pierre Bourdieu referencing youth Zeitgeist suggests that it was based on the natural approach and its popularity for cultural use. In addition, Heidegger’s â€Å"turn† and his belief in â€Å"inner truth and greatness of the movement—namely the encounter between global technology and the modern man† (Bourdieu 9) can be considered decisive for shaping his views and people’s perception of his ideas referring to the Nazi ideology and him as an integral part of it. The Holocaust’s effect on philosophy was great because any event that takes place in the world and raises a great number of different views that are often opposing each other makes the world of phi losophy revive leading to strong criticism or support to the event or people who provoked it. As such, philosophical ideas by Nietzsche that were provoked by the Holocaust can be used for a more thorough analysis of interactions in the society in that period so that people stopped talking about the dissemination of ideas. If people do not agree with the Nazi philosophy and are not ready to support the movement, why should they act in a strongly negative and destructing manner. Some of Nietzsche’s famous quotes about the Holocaust include the following: â€Å"Under conditions of peace the warlike man attacks himself† and â€Å"The surest way to corrupt a youth is to instruct him to hold in higher esteem those who think alike than those who think differently.† ‘Holocaust Theology’ can be regarded as an individual strain of thought because it explained the desire of people to dominate and their high level of patriotic views while any patriotism when re ceived in high doses can be harmful and leading to fascist views. At the same time, Martin Heidegger who was considered one of the prominent philosophers of the time supported the Nazi ideology and Adolf Hitler as the ideological leader of this discriminating movement full of hatred and humiliation towards other people and nations. Heidegger was known for criticizing the academic approach to the exploration of the concept of being. As suggested by Loving, â€Å"A stereotypical criticism of much of traditional academia is that it only studies ‘dead white males’† (97). However, he also supported the Nazi ideology which made him a rather controversial person for the period right after the war and till the current moment because people cannot understand how such an educated and prominent philosopher could fail to understand the destructing nature of fascism. This can be explained through the notes in Hannah Arendt’s diary where she uses an allegory of a fox to analyze the behavior of Heidegger and his inability to identify the â€Å"difference between a trap and a non-trap† (Forrest 6). As noted by Habermas and McCumber, â€Å"Heidegger’s work has long since detached itself from his person† making him a great philosopher who supports the Nazi though. Arendt was a prominent political theorist though she was often referred to as a philosopher. The relationships between Arendt and Heidegger were unclear for the entire world as they supported each other in all difficulties and troubles. Honan claims that â€Å"Arendt, whose fiery reproach had extended to European Jews whom she said had ‘collaborated’ with the Nazis in their own destruction, did almost everything she could to whitewash the unrepentant Heidegger†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (26). Another characteristic of their relations by Honan suggests that they were two strong persons who could not reach the compromise in a way we all got used to and their struggle cont inued: â€Å"The book [Hannah Arendt/Martin Heidegger by Elzbieta Ettinger] shows that Arendt was so arrogant that she thought she alone could decide who should be forgiven and who should not,† said Elie Wiesel, the Nobel laureate who has written of his experiences in the Auschwitz death camp. â€Å"I’m not so sure her moral stature will remain intact.† The effect of the relationship between Martin Heidegger and Hannah Arendt was evident in their work as she tried in all possible ways to make him look less Nazi-supporting than he was at the same time opposing his views. Heidegger was brilliant in terms of his ideas, concepts, and other philosophical issues he created and introduced in his works though he was negatively perceived due to being a supporter of Hitler. ‘The Banality of Evil’ in contrast with Arendt’s original phrase â€Å"radical evil† can be interpreted as her attempt to reconcile her view of Martin’s evil and make an accounting for it so that she can forgive herself for loving an evil man. The lasting Impact of the works of Heidegger and Arendt is their books like Heidegger’s Being and Time which questioned the concept of being as it should be applied rather than it have been applied since Plato’s ideas introduced and Arendt’s books Eichmann in Jerusalem: a Report on the Banality of Evil where she tries to justify her affection for a man who commits evil and The Origins of Totalitarianism which can be considered one of the great political theories of all times. To conclude, the abstraction of philosophy renders it impotent—in the case of Heidegger, his refusal to allow his ideas to stand up to real-world examples makes them meaningless. Heidegger was considered weak because he could not decide which of the parties he wants to support. At the same time, he was strongly criticized by all activists of the time for his positive reaction to the Nazi ideology and antisem itism whereas the most active critic was Hannah Arendt who was also his major supporter because she tried to clean his reputation. She forgave him everything and reflected her justification for their relationships in her books and notes where she claimed that he was like a fox that could not identify the trap. Both the events of one’s life and the major relationships one has in one’s lifetime have a significant impact on intellectual work. Martin Heidegger’s abstraction of moral concepts sidesteps any real ethical judgments†¦ and Arendt’s public endorsement of him and his ideals weakens her credibility as a voice of the Jewish people. Works Cited Arendt, Hannah, and Martin Heidegger. Letters, 1925-1975. Uncorrected Proof ed. Orlando: Harcourt, 2004. Print. Arendt, Hannah. Eichmann in Jerusalem: a Report on the Banality of Evil. New York, NY: Penguin, 2006. Print. Arendt, Hannah. The Origins of Totalitarianism. 2nd Enlarged ed. Breinigsville, PA: Bene diction Classics, 2009. Print. Avineri, Shlomo. â€Å"Where Hannah Arendt Went Wrong.† Haaretz Daily Newspaper. 2010. Web. Bourdieu, Pierre. The Political Ontology of Martin Heidegger. Stanford, CA: Stanford UP, 1991. Print. Forrest, Rosanna. Hannah and Martin: Study Guide. Web. Habermas, Jurgen, and John McCumber. â€Å"Work and Weltanschauung: The Heidegger Controversy from a German Perspective.† Critical Inquiry 15.2 (1989): 431. Web. Heidegger, Martin. Basic Writings: from Being and Time (1927) to The Task of Thinking (1964). Comp. Krell David. Farrell. London: Harper Rowe, 1993. Print. Heidegger, Martin. Being and Time. Trans. Joan Stambaugh. Comp. Dennis J. Schmidt. Albany: State University of New York, 2010. Print. Honan, William H. â€Å"Book on Philosopher’s Life Stirs Scholarly Debate Over Her Legacy.† Editorial. New York Times 1995, Sunday ed.: 26. Web. Loving, Gregory David. â€Å"The Forgotten: Implications of Lyotard’s â€Å"Heideg ger and The Jews†: Issues of Race in Philosophical Discourse.† Philosophical Studies in Education 39 (2008): 97-105. Web. Lyotard, Jean-Franà §ois. Heidegger and â€Å"the Jews.† Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1990. Print. Rosenbaum, Ron. â€Å"Troubling New Revelations about Arendt and Heidegger. – By Ron Rosenbaum.† Slate Magazine. 2009. Web. Watson, Peter. The German Genius: Europe’s Third Renaissance, the Second Scientific Revolution, and the Twentieth Century. New York: Harper, 2010. Print. This essay on The ‘Banality’ of Abstraction: Western Philosophy’s Failure to Address the Moral Implications of the Holocaust was written and submitted by user Stacy Campbell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Disappearance of Miranda Gaddis

The Disappearance of Miranda Gaddis Miranda was born November 18, 1988, in Oregon City. She attended Gardner Middle School  and dreamed of becoming a model one day. Miranda belonged to a dance team and was described by friends as being outgoing, funny, and very loving. In 1995, Miranda’s natural father was found guilty of abuse and sent to prison. A boyfriend of her mother later abused Miranda and was convicted and sent to prison. She spent a short time in a foster home because of the abuse. Despite her troubles, Miranda seemed well balanced and enjoyed her family, which included her older sister Maryssa, younger sister Miriah, and younger brother Jason. It is not surprising that Ashley Hope and Miranda Gaddis were friends. They were on the same dance team at school, lived in the same apartment building, and even resembled each other. They also shared similar pasts of having been sexually abused as young children. The apartment complex that Ashley and Miranda lived in was built in the late 1990s. It provided affordable housing for single mothers and lower-income working families, as well as the mentally ill. It had a high occupancy rate and was filled with children. Families would come and go, and children learned to make friends quickly with the new residents that moved in. It was near the edge of the complex, where Ward Weaver and his family, decided to rent a home. The Weavers had a young daughter close to Ashley and Miranda’s age, and it was not long before the three became friends. Ashley and Miranda spent time at their new friends house, sometimes staying overnight at slumber parties. Miranda, unlike Ashley, did not stay at the Weaver house for extended periods of time. She had other interest and friends that kept her busy in other activities. On Jan. 9, 2002, Ashley disappeared on her way to school. The police interviewed Miranda  and other friends of Ashley’s. As information filtered in, the authorities began to suspect that Ward Weaver was involved in her disappearance, but no arrest was made. Miranda was very involved in her friends investigation, offering the police personal information that Ashley had shared with her. Miranda knew the trouble that Ashley had experienced during her extended stays at the Weaver home. Ashley confided in her that Ward Weaver was violent and raped her while on a vacation in California. Miranda, who was not timid with her opinions, warned friends to stay away from the Weaver’s home because she felt Ward Weaver was dangerous. Some theorize that Weaver blamed Miranda for his daughter being ostracized at school, and in the neighborhood where they lived. Two months went by, and Ashley Pond was still missing. Life for Miranda was beginning to return to normal. On March 8, 2002, the day started out like most school days at Miranda’s house. Her mother, Michelle, left at around 7:30 a.m., for work. It is assumed that Miranda left to go to her bus stop at her normal time, around 8 a.m. She walked the same path that Ashley did on the day she disappeared – right near the door of Will Weaver’s house. Around 1:20 p.m., Michelle Gaddis received a call from her oldest daughter, informing her that Miranda was not at school and that none of her friends had seen her all day. The school confirmed her fears, reporting that she was absent in all her classes. Michelle immediately went to the police to report that her daughter was missing. Now haunted by two disappearances, the police and the FBI went on a round-the-clock investigation in hopes of locating Miranda Gaddis. The residents of Oregon City feared that a child abductor was busy deciding who his next victim would be. The missing girls mothers were convinced that the person responsible, knew both girls. The police focused on this theory as well  and returned to question many of the same people they interviewed just two months before  when Ashley disappeared. Some of the information they received, pointed to Ward Weaver, just as in the case with Ashley Pond, but still, no arrest was made. A Break in the Case A cry of rape by Ward Weavers sons girlfriend  brought an end to the police search of Ashley Pond and Miranda Gaddis. The woman, half nude, ran from the Weaver home, screaming that Ward Weaver had tried to rape her. Weavers  son followed up with calls to the police, saying his father admitted that he killed Ashley Pond. These accusations allowed the police to search Ward Weavers property. On the weekend of August 24-25, the bodies of Ashley Pond and Miranda Gaddis  were found on the property of Ward Weavers rental home. Ashleys body was discovered inside a barrel, in a hole, under a concrete slab that had been poured soon after she was reported missing. Mirandas remains were found in a shed on the same property. An autopsy confirmed the identity of both girls. Ward Weaver Is Arrested On October 4, 2002, Ward Weaver was indicted for the murder of Ashley Pond, 12, and Miranda Gaddis, 13, as well as other counts in an unrelated case, which including sex abuse, attempted rape, aggravated murder and abuse of a corpse, all of which he plead not guilty. On September 22, 2004, ​Ward Weaver plead guilty to killing two of his daughters friends then hiding their bodies on his property. He received two life sentences for the deaths of Ashley Pond and Miranda Gaddis. See Also:Ward Weaver lll: A Life of BrutalityProfile of Ashley Pond

Pronouncing the Spanish C and Z

Pronouncing the Spanish C and Z The letter c of Spanish has three sounds that are very different from each other - and one of those three sounds, which is also the z sound of Spanish, varies with the region. Fortunately, the distinction as to which sound is used follows a rule much like that used in determining the pronunciation of c in English. 3 Pronunciations of C The sound of the c depends on the letter that follows: When the c is followed by h, the two letters together form the ch sound, which is very similar to the the ch sound of English in words such as church and cheap. It is never pronounced like the ch in architecture (the Spanish equivalent is arquitectura).When the c is followed by any other consonant or by the vowel  o, or u, it has sound of the English k but is slightly less explosive. Note that the English c has approximately the same sound when followed by the same letters. Thus casa (house) is pronounced much like CAH-sah, and clase (class) is pronounced much like CLAH-seh.The third sound is the one that varies by region. For most Spanish speakers, including nearly all in Latin America, the c is pronounced much like the English s when it comes before an e or i. Note that the same is true in English. So cielo (sky) is pronounced much like SYEH-loh for most Spanish speakers, and cena (dinner) is pronounced much like SEH-nah. However, in most of Spain, especially outside the areas wh ere Catalan is also spoken, the c before e or i is pronounced much like that th in thin - but not the th in that. In most of Spain, then, cielo is pronounced like THYEH-low and cena like THEH-nah. (To avoid confusion between the two th sounds, linguists sometimes represent the unvoiced th with ÃŽ ¸, the Greek letter theta. So the pronunciations of the two words might be represented as ÃŽ ¸YEH-loh and ÃŽ ¸EH-nah.) Contrary to a common urban legend, the third sound of c in Spain is not a lisp. It is simply the way the letter is pronounced. Pronouncing the Z The third c sound represents the z sound as well. The z sound doesnt vary with the letters that follow. You can hear the letter, including regional variations, pronounced here. Note that the z sound doesnt have the buzz that it does in English. So while you may be tempted to prononce zumbar (to hum) as someing like zoom-BAHR, its correct pronunciation is either soom-BAHR or thoom-BAHR, depending on whether youre in Spain or Latin America. In the word pizza, however, the double-z is generally pronounced in imitation of Italian, giving the word a pronunciation similar to what it has in English. Spelling With the C and Z With few exceptions, the z isnt followed by an e or i; a c is used before those letters instead. Thus the equivalent of zero is cero, zinc is cinc, and zebra is cebra. Among the few exceptions are words of foreign origin such as zigzaguear (to zigzag) and zepelà ­n (zeppelin). When a noun or adjective ends in z and is made plural, the z changes to c. Thus the plural of faz (face) is faces, and the plural of pez (fish) is peces. More examples: una actriz feliz, dos actrices felices (one happy actress, two happy actresses)una nariz, tres narices (one nose, three noses)la luz, las luces (the light, the lights)el juez voraz, los juezes voraces (the greedy judge, the greedy judges) The c and z can also change in conjugated verb forms. The z changes to c if it becomes followed by an e, so one of the forms of empezar (to begin) is empecà ©. Also, the c changes to qu when followed by an e or i, so the forms of tocar (to touch or play) include toquà © and toquemos. Some other examples of verb  conjugations affected by these spelling rules: comenzar, comencà ©, que comiences, que comiencen (to begin, I began, that you begin, that they begin)trozar, trocà ©, que troces, que troccen (to break, I break, that you break, that they break)cocer, que yo cueza. que cozamos (to cook, that I cook, that we cook)

Person-centred Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Person-centred Planning - Essay Example But in order to successfully organize a person-centred mode of planning it is incumbent that all the factors and elements are in place. This form of service delivery relies heavily on a professional approach combined with the human touch. The chief players are the facilitators in the different care providing roles. The group that forms the care givers include both professionals as well as family members. So it is obvious that coordination and cooperation among all the team members is the primary criterion in successful implementation of the planning. Task/role assignment According to Molly (2006) the most important aspect of person-centred planning is the roles of the care providers for they are the ones who are in direct charge of the care receiver. It is important that the individual service providers have a clear cut picture of what they have to do and the task they have to perform. They should be aware of their specific role in the care facilitating service. Molly (2006) stresses upon the importance of the ‘circle of support’ which consists of both the professional care givers and the family members. In this context it is important that each one of the care providers have a distinctive task to perform so that the care receiver gets proper service. It has been found that in cases where there is no proper task or role assignment the care receiver suffers. The care giving system takes over the needs of the individual being and the whole focus shifts from catering to the person to meeting the needs of the system (Molly, 2006). Molly refers to two distinct cases of Frances and Crystal to show how well a service facilitating system can work if roles and tasks are definitively allotted so that every member of the team contributes as per his/her responsibility. The defined role in fact helps to build a distinctive relationship between the care receiver and the care provider, for one of the most important criterion of a care provider is to care for the dependent. In fact it is the care receiver who gets to make a choice of his/her care givers. This explains the significance of the role that the care giver has to play. Coordination & collaboration in the team When building a person-centred planning team it is important that all the team members are assigned uniform responsibility in their respective roles. It would not only prevent grudges among team members but optimise the full potential and strength of the team. In their study of client-centric approach Sumsion and Lencucha (2009) have pointed out the challenges and difficulties faced by the teams when working in an interprofessional, person-centric module. They throw light on the common areas of discontent like time management, interpersonal and professional differences and hierarchies. These issues could be effectively sorted out by addressing appropriate team goals, properly distributing roles and responsibilities and through a continuous process of sharing information relati ng to the background and management of the client (Sumsion & Lencucha, 2009). Moreover through information dissemination at all levels members could coordinate better and know the functioning methods of each other. In their research Sumsion and

A Strategy for Co-op Supermarket Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

A Strategy for Co-op Supermarket - Essay Example But even as outsourcing allows organizations to develop cost-efficiency; it increases certain issues of ethics and corporate social responsibility for the organizations. Outsourcing has to be properly managed since it raises ethical concerns such as the misuse of labor and the impact on the environment as pollution increases as a result of transportation. In this proposal, we attempt to present a strategy for Co-op Supermarket to develop an environmentally friendly approach while remaining competitive in terms of price and choice. Supply Chain Management and Ethics Before we proceed further, we first need to understand the concept of supply chain management and its relation to ethics. ‘Supply chain management has been defined as â€Å"the management of upstream and downstream relationships with suppliers, distributors and customers to achieve greater customer value-added at less total cost† (Wilding, 2003). The term relationship within the context of supply chain managem ent is vital since it pertains to a relationship with not just the suppliers but also the customers. The customers demand that the supply chain management be ethically sound or else the organization runs the risk of losing its loyal customers. The concept of ethics in supply chain management was activated when BBC Panorama exposed the unethical supply chains of sports and clothing companies such as Nike and Gap. These companies hired under-aged Cambodians at minimum wages in order to keep down prices for the end users. However, the end users after realizing the real cause behind the low prices revolted and soon organization began to explore the concept of ethical supply chain management. Along with this issue, the issue of increased pollution as a result of outsourcing suppliers was raised. Though managers cannot control all aspects of the supply chain manager, they still are accountable for the issue and thus the responsibility lies with them. With respect to ethical supply chain m anagement, the concept of green supply chain management has emerged. Green supply chain management understands the environmental impact of the supply chain and takes steps to ensure that the negative impacts are kept to a minimum. For example, Wal-Mart introduced a new packaging scorecard for its suppliers including Unilever, Proctor & Gamble, and Walmart in order to reduce waste production (Basu and Wright, 2007). The Current Dilemma The biggest challenge that Co-op Supermarket is facing at this time, with regard to its supply chain management, is the lack of integration between its supply chain management and ethical policy. Currently, Co-op’s fashion products being sold in the supermarket are outsourced from China which raises the issue of pollution through increased transportation. Outsourcing may reduce costs for the organization but at the same time, it is increasing the impact on the environment. Since fashion products are basically innovative products, the organizatio n needs a responsive strategy in its supply chain management which is able to deal with the changing demands of the customers. When the fashion changes, demand for the products also change and thus the organization cannot hope to reduce transportation costs by shipping finished products in bulk.  

Comparison of Nigeria and Irans Politics

Comparison of Nigeria and Irans Politics INTRODUCTION: Nigeria: Nigeria is authoritatively known as the Federal Republic of Nigeria. it is an elected sacred republic embodying 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The nation is found in West Africa and shares land outskirts with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. Its drift in the south lies on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean. Nigeria is regularly alluded to as the Giant of Africa, because of its extensive populace and economy. With around 174 million occupants, Nigeria is the most crowded nation in Africa and the seventh most crowded nation on the planet. The nation is possessed by in excess of 500 ethnic gatherings, of which the three biggest are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba. Nigeria is Africas heading oil maker; more than a large portion of its kin live in neediness. Nigeria assumes a noticeable part in African affairs; has withdrawn troops from oil-rich Bakassi promontory to settle outskirt debate with Cameroon Iran: Islamic Republic of Iran since 1980, is a nation in Western Asia. It is verged on the north by Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan, with Kazakhstan and Russia over the Caspian Sea; on the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; on the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; on the west by Iraq; and on the northwest by Turkey. Iran is home to one of the worlds most seasoned civilizations, starting with the shaping of the Proto-Elamite and Elamite kingdom in 3200 – 2800 BCE. Iran holds 9% of world oil saves; a discriminating shortage in jobs has hit the youthful, and international authorizations have severely influenced the economy in general. Irans nuclear system incited the international group to force progressively intense authorizes in an offer to induce Tehran to halt uranium enhancement. An arrangement to limit uranium improvement was struck in November 2013. EXECUTIVE SYSTEM: The executive is the piece of government that has sole power and obligation regarding the every day organization of the state. The executive limb executes or implements the law. The division of power into discrete limbs of government is integral to the thought of the partition of powers Nigeria: The executive extension is partitioned into Federal Ministries, each one headed by a clergyman selected by the president. The president must incorporate no less than one part from each of the 36 states in his cabinet. The Presidents arrangements are affirmed by the Senate of Nigeria. In a few cases, an elected pastor is in charge of more than one service (for instance, Environment and Housing may be joined), or a priest may be supported by one or more clergymen of State.[1] Each service likewise has a Permanent Secretary, who is a senior civil servant. In Nigeria, the executives are made up of the president and his bad habit. In democratic administration, the executives signs charge that have been agreed by the Nigerian national gatherings into law. They likewise name key people into the government. In the military period, the executive who essential are the head of state and his delegate authorizes laws by pronouncement. Iran: the Executive limb of government are three oversight bodies: 1) Assembly of Experts (Majles-e Khoebregan), a prevalently chose body accused of deciding the progression of the Supreme Leader, looking into his execution, and dismissing him if regarded vital; 2) Expediency Council or the Council for the Discernment of Expediency (Majma-ye- Tashkhis-e -Maslahat-e- Nezam) pushes supervisory power over the executive, judicial, and legislative extensions and determines legislative issues when the Majles and the Council of Guardians differ and since 1989 has been utilized to instruct national religious pioneers on matters with respect to national strategy; in 2005 the Councils powers were extended to go about as a supervisory body for the government; 3) Council of Guardians of the Constitution or Council of Guardians or Guardians Council (Shora-ye Negban-e Qanon-e Asasi) figures out if proposed enactment is both sacred and reliable to Islamic law, vets competitors in prominent elections for suitability, and directs national election FUNCTIONS OF EXECUTIVE SYSTEM: Nigeria: The executive limb serves as the head of state, summoning the military and making political errands. Under the balanced governance system, the executive extension has the power of veto over the legislative limb, and the Vice President is the President of the Senate. Parts of the legal are designated by the executive limb, which can likewise issue pardons. Thusly, Congress can confirm that a President is unfit for office and evacuate him or her, and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court gets to be leader of the Senate throughout denunciation processes. Then again, we might quickly layout the particular functions of the executive arm of government in this way: Budget Preparation Initiation of advancement tasks Execution and upkeep of the Constitution and laws made by the National Assembly Preserving, securing and protecting the regional trustworthiness of the country, and guaranteeing strength and security, and Carrying on the business of administration in all implications including directing international relations Iran: The faqih, who practices numerous accepted executive functions, is chosen by a larger part vote of the Assembly of Experts, a 86-part assemblage of senior pastors who are chosen by well known vote at regular intervals. The Assembly assesses the work of the faqih in yearly gatherings; it can release the faqih on the off chance that he is considered no more qualified. The faqih is in charge of picking the leaders of the military services and the leader of the legal, setting general state approach, proclaiming war and peace, directing the military (counting control of insights and security offices), launching and managing corrections to the constitution, and administering a mixture of powerful parastatal establishments and associations. The executive extension is headed by the president, who in practice is the second-most elevated government official. He is chosen in national elections at regular intervals and is restricted to two sequential terms. The constitution determines that the p resident must be a Shia Muslim. The current president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, was chosen in 2005. The president chooses a few vice presidents and 21 pastors who constitute his cabinet. Serves yet not vice presidents are liable to regard by parliament. The faqih can reject a president if two-thirds of parliament votes to arraign him. SIMILARITIES AND DISSIMILARRITIES BETWEEN BOTH EXECUTIVE SYSTEMS: As indicated by the Constitution of Iran, the President is the Head of the Government who hold the powers of the Executive after the Supreme Leader. The President is chosen for a term of 4 years by widespread suffrage. The obligations of the President incorporates Implementation of the Constitution and for the activity of executive powers, aside from matter identifying with Supreme Leader The President names and regulates the Council of Ministers Coordinates government choices, and chooses government arrangements to be set before the lawmaking body The executive limb likewise incorporates a cabinet containing a board of pastors chose by the President with the endorsement of the Legislature. The Executive limb of the Government of Iran likewise contains three oversight bodies specifically Assembly of Experts Expediency Council or the Council for the Discernment of Expediency Council of Guardians The executives of Nigeria in any administration are generally saddled with the obligations of completing different government strategies. The executives protect and execute the constitutions that represent the elected republic of Nigeria. Under the executives (the presidency) there are typically 3 principle arms in particular: Head of service of the organization Secretary to the government STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES: Both countries executive system has their own importance. The strengths of each executive system is that it manages all the administration work of the government bodies of both countries. The weaknesses of both countries are their strict rules regarding work which is mostly not followed and parties do not perform their duties honestly.

What is the origin of hip hop lyricism?

The history of the hip-hop dates back to the 1970s, where people began singing and dancing over strong beats which were sometimes accompanied with spoken words and with great emphasis on the value of lyricism. The love and desire for hip-hop music then became even stronger during the 1980s. By the onset of the eve of 1990s, hip hop became the mainstream of music decorated with ever changing genres and styles which could not be labeled due to the high combination of extreme diversities emanating from different artist. Some from west coast others from the east coast and in between nothing else was seen apart from hip-hop music and culture (Rahn, 2002, 16). The epoch of hip-hop music in 1970s was found with very high original and innovative techniques with DJs in New York highlighting very amazing rhythmic drum breaks and percussion riffs in the popular discos and funks that were played in various clubs. Hip-hop included scratching, rapping, break dancing and graffiti. It was believed that the art of rapping originated from the block parties after the ultra – competitive DJs decided to isolate the percussion breaks from the majority of favorite dances. As a result of this isolation a similar dance began to be observed in Jamaica which was known as dub dance which was composed of elongated percussion breaks (Rahn, 2002, p. 31). Therefore, it is true to believe that hip hop has its roots in the heart of disco . It was a dance that was practically characterized by divisions between detractors of disco music and their fans. Thus the effects of disco led to great transformations in the hip-hop culture and music. The very first original hip hop was literally an example of the disco tenets witnessed from the televised exploration of funky beats to dancing, cloths and corny special effects common with disco dances. At the capital city of United States, the ‘go go’ music also emerged and eventually collaborated with the hip-hop while the electronic dance joined the group creating the house of music based in Chicago. At this point of time the hip hop music developed the club scene. Thus it started realizing the significance of having big names of DJs as a skill towards capturing and drawing larger crowds. The sudden rise of DJs, stirred up the rise and popularity of rap music from the past to the present history. Thus rap music stirred up hip hop expanding and extending the functions of MCs, and DJs. One very significant task attached to the MCs, was to introduce the DJs, on stage together with his/her crew of artists performing together (Flores, 2000, p. 6). The task of entertaining and keeping the audience alert was also a task pledged to the MC. Skillfully and talented MCs filled with cool artistic skills and high charismatic strategies on stage became instrumental to the to the rise and popularity of rap artists and hip-hop music. Thus the history of hip-hop and rap music is founded on the humble beginnings of MCs and DJs together with the rise of break-dancers, rap artists and taggers all oc curring in the New York City. Surprisingly towards the late 1970s, hip-hop music received extraordinary expansion by gaining very high commercial powers when it established its meteoric popular music style in America consequently achieving popularity in the whole world (Alridge, Stewart, 2005, p, 125). In 1990 a sub – genre of rap music emerged known as gangsta rap that caught America by surprise. The organization of the controversial lyrics which were specifically based on sex, street violence, and drugs lured the American youths into its systems and apparently crossed over to capture the socio economic groupings. All along its history hip-hop music has continued to rise till to the present still with very high sense of popularity (Flores, 2000, p. 47). However, its history would be incomplete without teaching the roles of the performers who made it a success. That is the hip hop designers and artisans. Hip-hop music is a composition of artists who and rappers and they typically major on their personal life experiences, social problems occurring around them, important life events and personal stories which they wish to alert the public about. Rap music is also used to signify fictional themes and romanticized editions which are also appealing to the public and they have educative values about a specific group of people. Rap music evolves very strong rhythmic aspects accompanied by soothing spoken lyrics which evoke intense rhythms and intense beats (Rahn, 2002, p. 1128). They a well known for their special adaptive skills and techniques in using poetic strategies which are accompanied by alliterations and simple rhymes. The history of hip-hop music is a kit for preserving culture based the instrumental tracks and beats that have been played by different artists including beats and rhythms which have been collectively sampled from different categories of individuals in the globe. These samples include the well known and popular rock, funk and soul songs played by different artists. Such rhythms and sound are in away integrated synthesized and reinvented with the original indiginoeous twists done by performers (Flores, 2000, p. 7). However, the expansion of hip-hop music was also stirred to a large extend by the concept of minimalism and more specifically the invention of the modern electronic minimalism which brought full transformation replacing the extensive mess of ornamentation which existed in both classical and popular lyrics. This went a had to clearing the palates thus creating room for autobahn which stirred the discovery of the modern rhythms. Hip-hops are composed from different genres (Alridge, Stewart, 2005, p. 1131). such as the west African griots, a group which consists of praise singers and wandering poets, protestants sermons with teachings on spiritual reforms and Christina music, world music that is composed of outstanding traditions and cultures that cut across verities of people and many more driving genres especially borrowed from the Afro – Caribbean entertainments, scat singing and great heroic tales and rhymes. There are two other commonly popular types of hip hops that are currently taking their roots in the world namely, the American Graffiti and the breaking dance. Thus the history of hip-hop music is significantly very influential and it has played a lot in the construction of the present music.